befallen the latter, he began to expect that he should obtain his
sovereignty. He did not, however, simply on the ground that he had
already been given the distinction of the consular honors, assume
distinction as being consul for the second time. This custom was since
then observed in all similar cases to our own day. The emperor Severus
was the first to change it; for he honored Plautianus with the consular
honors and afterward introduced him to the senate and appointed him
consul, proclaiming that he was entering the consulship the second time.
In imitation of him the same thing was done in other instances. Caesar,
accordingly, arranged affairs in general in the city to suit his taste,
and gave money to the soldiers, to some what had been voted from the
funds prescribed, and to the rest individually from his private funds, as
the story went, but in reality from the public store.

In this way and for the reasons mentioned did the soldiers receive the
money on that occasion. But some of them got a wrong idea of the matter
and thought it was compulsory for absolutely all the citizen forces at
all times to be given the twenty-five hundred denarii, if they went to
Rome under arms. For this reason the followers of Severus who had come to
the city to overthrow Julianus behaved most terrifyingly both to their
leader himself and to us, while demanding it. And they were won over by
Severus with two hundred and fifty denarii, while people in general were
ignorant what claim was being set up.

[-47-] Caesar while giving the soldiers the money also expressed to them
his fullest and sincerest thanks. He did not even venture to enter
the senate-chamber without a guard of them. To the senate he showed
gratitude, but it was all fictitious and pretended. For he was accepting
as if it were a favor received from willing hands what he had attained
by violence. And they actually took great credit to themselves for their