fix it. These classic _blind-bargains_ would not suit the
Londonbutchers. This custom was abolished by Apronius, the prefect of
Rome; who in lieu thereof, introduced the method of selling by weight.
Among the ancient Romans there were three kinds of established butchers,
viz. two colleges or companies, composed each of a certain number of
citizens, whose office was to furnish the city with the necessary
cattle, and to take care of preparing and vending their flesh. One of
these communities was at first confined to the providing of hogs, whence
they were called _suarii_; and the other two were charged with cattle,
especially oxen, whence they were called _pecuarii_, or _boarii_. Under
each of these was a subordinate class, whose office was to kill,
prepare, &c. called _lanii_, and sometimes _carnifices_.

Two English poets (Swift and Gay) have been rather severe towards the
London butchers, the former says,--

"Hence he learnt the _Butcher's_ guile,
How to cut your throat, and smile;
Like a _butcher_ doom'd for life,
In his mouth to wear his knife."

The latter,--

----"resign the way,
To shun the surly _butcher's_ greasy tray:
_Butchers_, whose hands are died with blood's foul stain,
And always foremost in the hangman's train."

The butchers' company was not incorporated until the 3rd year of King
James I. when they were made a _Corporation_, by the name of master,