made a member of the Academy of Sciences upon its re-organization.

Upon the return of Napoleon from Elba, he named Chaptal director-general
of manufactures and commerce, and immediately after minister of state,
in which latter capacity he pronounced, in the name of all the
ministers, a very flattering address to Napoleon. At the restoration of
the Bourbons, Chaptal again retired into private life, and continued to
enjoy the society of a large circle of literary and scientific friends
till his death.

Upon the application of chemistry to the arts of life, Chaptal is
considered to have been the most distinguished writer of his time. His
works are, Conspectus Physiologicus de Fontibus differentiarum relat. ad
Scientias, 1777; Analytical Table of a Course of Chemistry delivered at
Montpellier, 1783; Elements of Chemistry; Treatise on Saltpetre and Tar;
a Table of the principal Earthy Salts and Substances; an Essay on
perfectioning the Chemical Art in France; a Theoretical and Practical
Treatise on the Cultivation of the Vine; the Art of making Wines, &c.;
the Art of Making, Managing, and Perfectioning Wines, a work which has
been productive of great improvement in the wines of many districts in
France; the Art of Dyeing Cotton Red; Chemistry applied to the Arts; the
Chemical Principles of the Arts of Dyeing and Scouring. M. Chaptal has
also furnished many excellent articles to the Annals of Chemistry, and
the Dictionary of Agriculture. Among his miscellaneous productions, a
paper on Geological Changes is entitled to special mention as one of the
most beautiful compositions of its class.

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