destroy those of their own citizens whose friendship to the Athenian
People was most marked. But besides all this the democracy derives the
following advantages from hearing the cases of her allies in Athens.
In the first place, the one per cent[44] levied in Piraeus is
increased to the profit of the state; again, the owner of a lodging-
house[45] does better, and so, too, the owner of a pair of beasts, or
of slaves to be let out on hire;[46] again, heralds and criers[47] are
a class of people who fare better owing to the sojourn of foreigners
at Athens. Further still, supposing the allies had not to resort to
Athens for the hearing of cases, only the official representative of
the imperial state would be held in honour, such as the general, or
trierarch, or ambassador. Whereas now every single individual among
the allies is forced to pay flattery to the People of Athens because
he knows that he must betake himself to Athens and win or lose[48] his
case at the bar, not of any stray set of judges, but of the sovereign
People itself, such being the law and custom at Athens. He is
compelled to behave as a suppliant[49] in the courts of justice, and
when some juryman comes into court, to grasp his hand. For this
reason, therefore, the allies find themselves more and more in the
position of slaves to the people of Athens.

[40] Grote, "H. G." vi. 61.

[41] See Isocr. "Panath." 245 D.

[42] See Arist. "Clouds," 1196; Demosth. "c. Timoc." 730.

[43] For the "Prytaneia," see Aristot. "Pol." ii. 12, 4. "Ephialtes
and Pericles curtailed the privileges of the Areopagus, Pericles
converted the Courts of Law into salaried bodies, and so each