"(b) Injures the mucous lining by hardening the tissues.

"(c) It destroys some of the small glands and impairs others.

"(d) It precipitates the pepsin of the gastric juice, thus retarding
digestion.

"(e) It thickens the mucus of the stomach.

"(f) The action of the stomach is at first quickened by the presence
of alcohol, and then retarded."


IV "The effects of alcohol upon the liver may be:

"(a) It produces a hardened condition of its tissues.

"(b) Enlarges the organ.

"(c) Compresses and lessens the cells for producing bile.

"(d) Stimulates the liver to overaction, thus reducing the bile supply.

"(e) It weakens and destroys the usefulness of this organ of digestion."


V "Effect of alcohol upon the blood and blood-vessels:

"(a) It thins and coagulates the blood according to the amount of