find it profitable to use opaque glass to shut
out the shifting scene.

This scheme of retreat and protection has
been carried well-nigh to perfection by many
executives. Private offices guarded by secretaries
fortify them against distractions and
unauthorized claims on their attention, both
from within and without their organizations.

Routine problems, in administration, production,
distribution, are never referred to them;
these are settled by department heads, and
only new or vital questions are submitted to
the executive. In many large companies,
besides the department heads and secretaries
who assume this load of routine, there are
assistants to the president and the general
manager who further reduce the demands
upon their chiefs. The value of time, the
effect of interruptions and distractions upon
their own efficiency, are understood by countless
executives who neglect to guard their
employees against similar distractions.

_Individual business men, unsupported by
organizations, have worked out individual methods
of self-protection_.

One man postpones consideration of questions