reproduction of painting in possession of Colegio de Agustinos
Filipinos, Valladolid. ... _Frontispiece_
Landing of the Spaniards at Cebú, in 1565; photographic
reproduction of a painting at the Colegio de Agustinos
Filipinos, Valladolid. ... 35
Map showing the first landing-place of Legazpi in the
Philippines; photographic facsimile of original (manuscript)
map, contained in the pilots' log-book of the voyage, preserved
in the Archivo General de Indias, at Sevilla. ... 47
"Asiae nova descriptio" (original in colors), map in _Theatrum
orbis terrarum_, by Abraham Ortelius (Antverpiae, M. D. LXX),
fol. 3; reduced photographic facsimile, from copy in Boston
Public Library. ... 86, 87





Preface


The documents presented in this volume cover the last three years of
Legazpi's administration in the islands, the governorship of Guido de
Lavezaris, and the beginning of that of Francisco de Sande. In the
brief period which we thus far survey, the first decade of Spanish
occupation (1565-75), are already disclosed the main elements of
the oriental problem of today: the conflicting claims of powerful
European nations, striving for advantage and monopoly in the rich trade
of the East; the eagerness of unscrupulous Europeans to subjugate
the wealthy but comparatively defenseless Chinese people, and the