"The Ku Klux were the ones that whipped the niggers that they caught out
without a pass. I don't remember any Ku Klux whipping niggers after the
War because they were in politics.


Voters and Officeholders

"I have heard of Negroes voting and holding office after the War. I
wasn't acquainted with any of them except a man named Kane Gibbs and
another named Cicero Barnes. I heard the old people talking about them.
I don't know what offices they held. They lived in another county
somewhere.


Life Since Emancipation

"I went from North Carolina to Louisiana, and from Louisiana here. They
had it that you could shake trees out in Louisiana and the money would
fall off. They had some good land out there too. One acre would make all
you wanted--corn or anything else. That was a rich land. But I don't
know--I don't care what you had or what you owned when you left there,
you had to leave it there. Never would give you no direct settlement or
pay you anything; that is, pay you anything definite. Just gave you
something from time to time. Whatever you had you had to leave it there.


Occupational Experiences

"I used to work in the field when I was able. That was when I was in the