and where it comes from--The Demidoff family--A large piece of
malachite--An emperor as an honest miner

CHAPTER XLIX.

Among the stone workers--A bewildering collection--Visit to a private
"Fabric"--The mode of stone cutting--Crossing the mountains--Boundary
between Europe and Asia--Standing in two continents at once--Entering
Europe by the back door--In the valley of the Kama--Touching appeal by
a beggar--The great fair at Irbit--An improved road--A city of
thieves--Tanning in Russia--Evidence of European
civilization--Perm--Pleasures of sleigh riding--The road fever--The
Emperor Nicholas and a courier--A Russian sleighing song

CHAPTER L.

Among the Votiaks--Malmouish--Advice to a traveler--Dress and habits
of the Tartars--Tartar villages and mosques--A long night--Overturned
and stopped--Arrival at Kazan--New Year's festivities--Russian
soldiers on parade--Military spirit of the Romanoff family--Anecdote
of the Grand Duke Michel--The conquest of Kazan--An evening in a
ball-room--Enterprise of Tartar peddlers--Manufactures and schools--A
police secret--The police in Russia

CHAPTER LI.

Leaving Kazan--A Russian companion--Conversation with a phrase book--A
sloshy street--Steamboats frozen in the ice--Navigation of the
Volga--The Cheramess--Pity the unfortunate--A road on the
ice--Merchandise going Westward--Villages along the Volga--A baptism