by which the necessity of a royal congé d'élire and confirmation was
superseded; all check upon appeals to Rome was removed, by the
allowance granted every man to depart the kingdom at pleasure, and the
fines to be imposed on the clergy, for any offence, were ordained to
be proportional to their lay estates, not to their ecclesiastical
benefices.

The privileges granted to the barons were either abatements in the
rigor of the feudal law or determinations in points which had been
left by that law or had become, by practice, arbitrary and ambiguous.
The reliefs of heirs succeeding to a military fee were ascertained: an
earl's and baron's at a hundred marks, a knight's at a hundred
shillings. It was ordained by the charter that, if the heir be a
minor, he shall, immediately upon his majority, enter upon his estate,
without paying any relief; the king shall not sell his wardship; he
shall levy only reasonable profits upon the estate, without committing
waste or hurting the property; he shall uphold the castles, houses,
mills, parks, and ponds, and if he commit the guardianship of the
estate to the sheriff or any other, he shall previously oblige them to
find surety to the same purpose.

During the minority of a baron, while his lands are in wardship, and
are not in his own possession, no debt which he owes to the Jews shall
bear any interest. Heirs shall be married without disparagement; and
before the marriage be contracted, the nearest relatives of the person
shall be informed of it. A widow, without paying any relief, shall
enter upon her dower, the third part of her husband's rents; she shall
not be compelled to marry, so long as she chooses to continue single;
she shall only give security never to marry without her lord's
consent. The king shall not claim the wardship of any minor who holds