of paying the owners freight thereon, he permits them, contrary to
the royal decrees, to carry money to the islands for investment,
on which they make enormous profits.

[23] This letter was addressed to Felipe II; but of course its
writer had not then received news of the king's death, which occurred
September 13, 1598; he was succeeded by his son, Felipe III (_Vol_. 1,
p. 353).

[24] See list of encomiendas existing in 1591 (_Vol_. VIII); this
encomienda is there named Passi.

[25] These italic paragraphs are a part of the letter itself. The
matter included in brackets and preceded by the words "_In the margin_"
is remarks written in Spain.

[26] The letters or words in brackets are conjectural readings, the
original being illegible or worn in many places. When no conjectural
reading is given, the break is indicated by leaders.

[27] A sort of vessel with lateen-rigged sails, used in the Levant
trade; the name is of Arabic origin.

[28] Thus in original--apparently a misnumbering of paragraphs.

[29] See La Concepcion's account of Dasmariñas's unfortunate expedition
(_Hist. de Philipinas_, iii, pp. 231-277).

[30] Bolinao is the name of a cape at the northwest extremity of the
peninsula of Zambales, Luzón; also applied to a narrow channel between