same texture, that is the same number of threads in a given space, the
twill lines will form an angle of 45°; if the warp stands closer than the
filling, the incline will be steeper, and in the opposite case the angle
will approach more the horizontal.

The weaves can be expressed in numbers, for instance: the 3-end twill warp
effect would be marked 2-1, which indicates that each warp-thread goes over
two and under one pick.

Twill weaves are called _evensided_ when the arrangement of "warp up" and
"filling up" are evenly balanced, and _unevensided_ if either warp or
filling predominate on the face of the fabric; the latter class is
therefore subdivided in _Warp effects_ and _Filling effects_.

In the following a number of serge weaves are illustrated, the French
designations being added in some cases, as they are still extensively used
in the trade.

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FILLING EFFECTS

_Satin de Lyon,_ 2-1.

On 6 harness straight through.

[Illustration: Fig. 20]

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