r (rough) rule
r (smooth) car

ASPIRATE.

h, as in hat.

SUBSTITUTES.

Substitutes are characters used to represent sounds ordinarily represented
by other characters. The following table indicates nearly every form of
substitution used in the language: a few exceptional cases only are
omitted


TABLE OF SUBSTITUTES.

Sub For as in Sub For as in
a e any o oo to
a o what o oo would
c z suffice o u son
c s cite ph v Stephen
c k cap ph f sylph
ch k ache q k liquor
ch sh machine qu kw quote
d j soldier s sh sure
e i England s zh rasure
e a there s z rose
e a feint u e bury
ee i been u i busy