Aspirates consist of breath only, modified by the vocal organs.

Words ending with subvocal sounds should be selected for practice on the
subvocals; words beginning or ending with aspirate sounds may be used for
practice on the aspirates. Pronounce these words forcibly and distinctly
several times in succession; then drop the other sounds, and repeat the
subvocals and aspirates alone. Let the class repeat the words and elements
at first in concert, then separately.

Table of Subvocals and Aspirates.
Subvocal as in Subvocal as in
-------- ----- -------- -----
b babe p rap
d bad t at
g nag k book
j judge ch rich
v move f life
th with th Smith
z buzz s hiss
z azure(azh'ure) sh rush



REMARK.--These sixteen sounds make eight pairs of cognates. In
articulating the aspirates, the vocal organs are put in the position
required in the articulation of the corresponding subvocals; but the
breath is expelled with some force without the utterance of any vocal
sound. The pupil should first verify this by experiment, and then practice
on these cognates.