daily hours of prayers we should rise _twice and thrice at night_.]

[Footnote 48: In the mass and office for the dead several prayers and
ceremonies otherwise prescribed are omitted: so on this occasion, says
Benedict XIV, "the church forgetting all things else thinks only of
bewailing the sins of mankind, and condoling with Christ our Redeemer
in His sufferings". As for the antiquity of this service, Martene
remarks (lib. IV, c. 22) that the order of the _nocturnal_ and diurnal
offices of holy-thursday is found, such as we now observe it, in the
ancient Antiphonarium of the Roman church, and in that of S. Gregory
published by B. Tommasi, so that there has been scarcely any variation
during the last thirteen hundred years.]

[Footnote 49: When the Pope officiates, the eight candles over the
_cancellata_ are lighted: six are lighted for a Cardinal, and four
for a Bishop. Amalarius priest of Metz in the ninth century (De ordine
antiphonarii), mentions the extinction of the lights in the office
of these three days. It would seem however, that it was not then
customary at Rome, for Theodore, archdeacon of the Roman church,
in answer to his enquiries had said to him "I am usually with the
Apostolic Lord at the Lateran, when the office of Coena Domini (Holy
Thursday) is celebrated, and it is not customary to extinguish the
lights. On Good Friday there is no light of lamps or tapers in the
church in Jerusalem (Santa Croce) as long as the Apostolic Lord offers
up solemn prayers there, or when the cross is saluted". This latter
custom is still continued.]

[Footnote 50: In confirmation of this explanation we may observe, that
the candle is placed behind the altar after the _Benedictus_ during
the anthem alluding to Christ's passion, and remains there while the