to swing in a frame, so that it may be always on the level, or the
swell would cause the pine-knots to fall out. Fat pine and light-wood
are used to burn in the jack, which give a very brilliant light for
several yards round the bow of the canoe. The fish can be easily seen
at the depth of from four to five feet. One person sits in the stern
and steers with a paddle, propelling the canoe at the same time. The
bowman either kneels or stands up with the spear poised ready for
striking. An expert hand will scarcely miss a stroke. I have known two
fishermen in this manner kill upwards of two hundred salmon in one
night. I believe, however, the fishing is not nearly so productive as
formerly.

Mr. Stephens showed me a small stream running through his farm, which I
could easily jump over. He told me that one afternoon he was watering
his horses, when he perceived a shoal of salmon swimming up the creek.
He had no spear at home, having lent it to a neighbour. He, however,
succeeded with a pitchfork in capturing fifty-six fine fish.

Thirty years ago, all the small streams and rivers, from the head of
the lake downwards to the Bay of Quinte, used to abound with salmon.
The erection of saw-mills on the creeks, and other causes, have tended
materially to injure the fisheries. White fish and salmon-trout are,
however, taken in vast quantities, particularly the former, which has
become quite an article of commerce. The most extensive fisheries are
on the Manitoulin island, in Lake Huron, and along the Canadian shore
of Ontario, opposite the township of Haldimand, Crambe, and Murray, in
the county of Northumberland, and part of the district of Prince
Edward. Very large seine nets being used, many barrels of fish are
often taken at a haul, which are cured and packed on the spot: the
usual price of a barrel varies from five to six dollars.