politiques qui soient séparées par des abîmes plus profonds
que la démocratie et le socialisme' (Le Bon). 'Socialism
must be built on ideas and institutions totally different
from the ideas and institutions of democracy' (Levine). 'La
democratic tend à la conciliation des classes, tandis que le
socialisme organise la lutte de classe' (Lagardelle).

[5] A.D. Lewis, _Syndicalism and the General Strike_.

[6] _The Division of the Product of Industry_.

[7] _First and Last Things_ (pp. 148-9. Published in 1908).




PATRIOTISM

(1915)


The sentiment of patriotism has seemed to many to mark an arrest of
development in the psychical expansion of the individual, a half-way
house between mere self-centredness and full human sympathy. Some
moralists have condemned it as pure egoism, magnified and disguised.
'Patriotism,' says Ruskin, 'is an absurd prejudice founded on an
extended selfishness.' Mr. Grant Allen calls it 'a vulgar vice--the
national or collective form of the monopolist instinct.' Mr. Havelock
Ellis allows it to be 'a virtue--among barbarians.' For Herbert Spencer
it is 'reflex egoism--extended selfishness.' These critics have made the