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A System of Instruction in the Practical Use of the Blowpipe - Being A Graduated Course Of Analysis For The Use Of Students And All Those Engaged In The Examination Of Metallic Combinations by Anonymous
page 59 of 359 (16%)
remains for some time at this temperature, giving off opaque white
fumes, which are at first deposited on the surrounding charcoal, and
then upon the bead itself, covering it with white, pearly crystals.
The phenomenon is dependent upon the fact, that the heated button of
antimony, in absorbing oxygen from the air, developes sufficient heat
to maintain the metal in a fluid state, until it becomes entirely
covered with crystals of antimonious acid so formed.

BISMUTH.--This metal fuses with ease, and under both flames covers the
charcoal with a coating of oxide, which, while hot, is of an
orange-yellow color, and after cooling, of a lemon-yellow color,
passing, at the edges, into a bluish white. This white coating
consists of the carbonate of bismuth. The sublimate from bismuth is
formed at a less distance from the assay than is the case with
antimony. It may be driven from place to place by the application of
either flame; but in so doing, the oxide is first reduced by the
heated charcoal, and the metallic bismuth so formed is volatilized and
reoxidized. The flame is uncolored.

LEAD.--This metal readily fuses under either flame, and incrusts the
charcoal with oxide at about the same distance from the assay as is
the case with bismuth. The oxide is, while hot, of a dark lemon-yellow
color, but upon cooling, becomes of a sulphur yellow. The carbonate
which is formed upon the charcoal, beyond the oxide, is of a
bluish-white color. If the yellow incrustation of the oxide be heated
with the flame of oxidation, it disappears, undergoing changes similar
to those of bismuth above mentioned. Under the flame of reduction,
it, however, disappears, tinging the flame blue.

CADMIUM.--This metal fuses with ease, and, in the flame of oxidation,
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