sexes takes place at this time, and inspires the courage of the creature.

5. The shoals of herrings, cods, haddocks, and other fish, which approach
our shores at certain seasons, and quit them at other seasons without
leaving one behind; and the salmon, that periodically frequent our rivers,
evince, that there are vagrant tribes of fish, that perform as regular
migrations as the birds of passage already mentioned.

6. There is a cataract on the river Liffey in Ireland about nineteen feet
high: here in the salmon season many of the inhabitants amuse themselves in
observing these fish leap up the torrent. They dart themselves quite out of
the water as they ascend, and frequently fall back many times before they
surmount it, and baskets made of twigs are placed near the edge of the
stream to catch them in their fall.

I have observed, as I have sat by a spout of water, which descends from a
stone trough about two feet into a stream below, at particular seasons of
the year, a great number of little fish called minums, or pinks, throw
themselves about twenty times their own length out of the water, expecting
to get into the trough above.

This evinces that the storgee, or attention of the dam to provide for the
offspring, is strongly exerted amongst the nations of fish, where it would
seem to be the most neglected; as these salmon cannot be supposed to
attempt so difficult and dangerous a task without being conscious of the
purpose or end of their endeavours.

It is further remarkable, that most of the old salmon return to the sea
before it is proper for the young shoals to attend them, yet that a few old
ones continue in the rivers so late, that they become perfectly emaciated