neither case is the speed slackened. In the first either the upper
half of the basket has an upward motion, on the lower half a downward
motion (Pat. 252,483); and through the opening thus made the sugar is
thrown. Fig. 22 (R.B. Palmer & Sons) is a machine of this kind. The
bottom, B, with the cone distributor, _a_, have downward motion.

[Illustration: Fig. 22.]

Continuous discharge of the second kind may be brought about by having
a scoop fixed to the curb (or casing), extending down into the basket
and delivering the sugar over the side (Pat. 144,319). Another method
will be described under "Beet Machines."

BASKET.--The construction of the basket is exceedingly important. Hard
experience has taught this. When centrifugals were first introduced,
users were compelled by law to put them below ground; for they
frequently exploded, owing to the speed being suddenly augmented by
inequalities in the running of the engine or to the basket being too
weak to resist the centrifugal force of the overcharge. Increasing the
thickness merely adds to the centrifugal force, and hence to the
danger, as even a perfectly balanced basket may sever.

One plan for a better basket was to have more than one wall. For
example, there might be an inner wall of perforated copper, then one
of wire gauze, and then another of copper with larger perforations.
Another plan was to have an internal metallic cloth, bearing against
the internally projecting ridges of the corrugations of the basket
wall. A further complication is to give this internal gauze cylinder a
rotation relative to the basket.