vanadium and niobium; they are triatomic, paramagnetic, and negative. We
have not examined the remaining members of these groups. In these two
groups nitrogen dominates, and in order to make the comparison easy the
nitrogen elements are figured on both Plate XI and Plate XII. It will be
seen that scandium and yttrium, of the positive group, differ only in
details from vanadium and niobium, of the negative group; the ground-plan
on which they are built is the same. We noted a similar close resemblance
between the positive strontium and the negative molybdenum.

[Illustration: PLATE XI.]

BORON (Plate III, 4, and Plate XI, 1). We have here the simplest form of
the cube; the funnels contain only five bodies--four six-atomed ovoids and
one six-atomed "cigar." The central globe has but four five-atomed spheres.
It is as simple in relation to its congeners as is beryllium to its
group-members.

BORON: 6 funnels of 30 atoms 180
Central globe 20
----
Total 200
----
Atomic weight 10.86
Number weight 200/18 11.11
SCANDIUM (Plate XI, 2). For the first time we meet funnels of different
types, A and B, three of each kind; A appear to be positive and B negative,
but this must be stated with reserve.

In A the boron funnel is reproduced, the "cigar" having risen above its
companion ovoids; but the most important matter to note in respect to this