Value for planting: Its characteristic slender form gives the red cedar
an important place as an ornamental tree, but its chief value lies
in its commercial use.

Commercial value: The wood is durable, light, smooth and fragrant, and
is therefore used for making lead-pencils, cabinets, boxes,
moth-proof chests, shingles, posts, and telegraph poles.

Other characters: The _fruit_ is small, round and berry-like, about the
size of a pea, of dark blue color, and carries from one to four bony
seeds.

Other common names: The red cedar is also often called _juniper_ and
_red juniper_.

Comparisons: The red cedar is apt to be confused with the _low juniper_
(_Juniperus communis_) which grows in open fields all over the
world. The latter, however, is generally of a low form with a flat
top. Its leaves are pointed and prickly, never scale-like, and they
are whitish above and green below. Its bark shreds and its fruit is
a small round berry of agreeable aromatic odor.


ARBOR-VITAE; NORTHERN WHITE CEDAR (_Thuja occidentalis_)

Distinguishing characters: The *branchlets* are extremely *flat and
fan-like*, Fig. 13, and have an agreeable _aromatic odor_ when
bruised. The tree is an evergreen with a _narrow conical form_.

[Illustration: FIG. 13.--Twig of the Arbor-vitae.]