been of equally poor definition. Despite this, he continued to the
point of 26 miles from destination as indicated presumably on the
AINS."

Mr. Chippindale's opinion has some background relevance in the present
case. It is in no way relevant because it differs from that of the
Commissioner upon the issue of causation. Already we have emphasized and
we do so once again that what was said in the Royal Commission Report
about the cause or causes of the accident must stand entirely unaffected
by these proceedings. But the opinion has some relevance because
although it was wrong, as the Royal Commission Report decided, the
Commissioner certainly did not consider it to be anything other than a
completely conscientious and honest attempt by Mr. Chippindale to
analyse and draw a rational conclusion from all the available facts. He
described Mr. Chippindale as a model witness. In the circumstances it is
difficult to understand why the same point of view Mr. Chippindale
expressed in his evidence could not be genuinely shared by other
educated observers.

We turn now to the relief sought by these various officers and the
airline itself.


The Claim for Relief

The applicants seek relief in the form of an order that the findings be
set aside or for a declaration that the various findings are invalid or
made in excess of jurisdiction; or were made in circumstances involving
unfairness and breaches of the rules of natural justice. In addition we
are asked to make an order quashing the decision of the Commissioner