regard as a remnant of the hanging garden of Bokht-i-nazar. It is a
tamarisk of no rare kind, but of very great ago, in consequence of
which, and of its exposed position, the growth and foliage are somewhat
peculiar.

South of the Kasr mound, at the distance of about 800 yards, is the
remaining great mass of ruins, the mound of Jumjuma, or of Amran. [PLATE
XII., Fig. 3.] The general shape of this mound is triangular,107 but it
is very irregular and ill-defined, so as scarcely to admit of accurate
description. Its three sides face respectively a little east of north,
a little south of east, and a little south of west. The south-western
side, which runs nearly parallel with the Euphrates, and seems to have
been once washed by the river, is longer than either of the others,
extending a distance of above a thousand yards, while the south-eastern
may be 800 yards, and the north-eastern 700. Innumerable ravines
traverse the mound on every side, penetrating it nearly to its centre.
The surface is a series of undulations. Neither masonry nor sculpture is
anywhere apparent.

All that meets the eye is a mass of debris; and the researches hitherto
made have failed to bring to light any distinct traces of building.
Occasionally bricks are found, generally of poor material, and bearing
the names and titles of some of the earlier Babylonian monarchs; but the
trenches opened in the pile have in no case laid bare even the smallest
fragment of a wall.

Besides the remains which have been already described, the most
remarkable are certain long lines of rampart on both sides of the river,
which lie outside of the other ruins, enclosing them all, except the
mound of Babil. On the left bank of the stream there is to be traced,