| Aldehyde, or | Blackens in the light after adding
| volatile tarry | silver nitrate.
| matter |
| |
| Organic sulphuric | Smell of garlic.
| acid |
| |
Citric acid, | Tartaric acid | Strong solution of potassium.
H_{3}C_{6} | | Acetate added to a strong solution
H_{5}O_{7}H_{2}O | | of the acid will deposit white
Molec. Wt. 210 | | crystalline bitartrate.
| |
Pyrogallic acid | Metagallic acid | Black residue, insoluble in water.
(C_{6}H_{3})HO_{3}| |
Molec. Wt. 126 | |
| |
Silver nitrate, | Free nitric acid | Reddens litmus paper. (Neutral
AgNO_{3} | | silver nitrate does not
Molec. Wt. 170 | | affect litmus.)
| |
Potassium | Chlorides and | Same as for ammonia.
carbonate | sulphates |
K_{2}CO_{3} | |
Molec. Wt. 138 | |
| |
Potassium | Potassium carbonate| A strong solution is alkaline to
iodide, KI | | test paper.
Molec. Wt. 166 | |
| Sulphates and | Same as for ammonia.
| chlorides |