exclusion laws became so stringent, the total Chinese population
of the United States up to 1880, when there was no obstacle
to their coming except the general immigration law, being
only 105,465--the merest handful among our scores of
millions of people. The objections that they are addicted to
gambling and immorality, that they come only for temporary
mercenary purposes and that they do not become members of
the body politic but segregate themselves in special communities,
might be urged with equal justice by the Chinese
against the foreign communities in the port cities of China.
Segregating themselves, indeed! How can the Chinese help
themselves, when they are not allowed to become naturalized
and are treated with a dislike and contempt which force them
back upon one another?

As for the charge that they teach the opium habit to white
boys and girls, it may be safely affirmed that all the Americans
who have acquired that dread habit from the Chinese are not
equal to a tenth of the number of Chinese women and girls
who have been given foul diseases by white men in China.
Mr. Holcombe declares:--


``Our unfair treatment of China in this business will some day return
to plague us. Entirely aside from the cavalier and insulting manner with
which we have dealt with China, and the inevitably injurious effect upon
our relations and interests there, it must be said that our action has been
undignified, unworthy of any great nation, a sad criticism upon our sense
of power and ability to rule our affairs with wisdom and moderation, and
unbecoming our high position among the leading governments of the