arguments in favor of conducting the seventh and eighth grade work
under the junior high school form of organization.


WHAT THE ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS CAN DO

The most important contribution to vocational education the elementary
school can make consists in getting the children through the lower
grades fast enough so that they will reach the junior high school by
the time they are 13 years old, in order that before the end of the
compulsory attendance period they may spend at least two years in a
school where some kind of industrial training is possible. That this
is not being done at the present time the data presented in Chapter IV
amply demonstrate. In recent years there has been a tendency to regard
vocational training as a remedy for retardation. The fact is that the
cure of retardation is not a subsequent but a preliminary condition to
successful training for wage-earning. Vocational training is not a
means for the prevention of retardation, but retardation is a most
effective means for the prevention of vocational training.




CHAPTER VI

THE JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL


In 1915 the Board of Education authorized the establishment of a
system of junior high schools in the city, and at the beginning of the