s, t, and z.

7. The midle tongue stryking on the rouf of the mouth formes the rest,
c, g, k, j, q, and x, and so we have 18 consonantes borrowed of the
latines.

8. These they borrow al from the greekes, saving j and v, quhilk our age
soundes other wayes then it seemes the romanes did; for Plutarch, more
then 100 yeeres after Christ, expressing the sound q_uhi_lk they had in
his tyme, symbolizes them neerar the sound of the vouales quherof they
are maed then now we sound them in latin, for in Galba he symbolizes
junius vindex, ἰόυνιος ὀύινδεξ, q_uhi_lk, if then it had sounded as
now we sound it, he sould rather have written it with _gamma_ and
_beta_, γόυνιος βίνδεξ.

9. We have in our use the sam soundes q_uhi_lk it seemes these
consonantes had in Plutarch’s dayes, as in yallou, winter. Quhilk,
seeing now they are worn out of the latin use, my counsel is that we
leave the sound of them q_uhi_lk now is in the latin use to the latines,
and take as our’s the sound q_uhi_lk they have left, and geve to the
sound, q_uhi_lk now we use in latin, the latin symbol; as, jolie jhon;
vertue is not vain; and to the soundes quhilk they have left the
symboles q_uhi_lk we have usurped to that end; as, yallou, youk;
water, wyne.

10. And heer, to put our men af their errour quho had wont to symboliz
yallou with an ȝ, and to put noe difference betueen v and w, ȝ is
a dental consonant, broaken betueen the top of the tongue and root of
the teeth; yal, a guttural sound, made be a mynt of the tongue to the
roofe of the mouth, and therfoer the organes being so far distant, and