and the pressure of water into the top of 1 drives the liquid forward
through the bottom of 1, through the heater, into the top of 2, out from
the bottom of 2, through the heater into the top of 3, out from the
bottom of 3, through the heater into the top of 4, out from the bottom
of 4, through the heater, into the top of 5, out from the bottom of 5,
through the heater, into the top of 6, and now out from the bottom of 6,
through the heater, into the juice pipe, and from the juice pipe into
the measuring tank. It will be understood that the liquid which is drawn
from 6 is chiefly that which was passed into 1 when it was filled with
chips. There is doubtless a little mixing as the pressure drives the
liquid forward. But the lighter liquid is always pressed in at the top
of the cells, so that the mixing is the least possible. The amount of
liquid, now called juice, which is drawn from 6 is 1,110 liters, or 291
gallons. When this quantity has been drawn into the measuring tank, the
gate valve is closed, and the valves connecting with 7 are manipulated
as were those of 6, a measure of juice being drawn in the same way. All
this time the water has been passed into the top of 1, and this is
continued until the juice has been drawn from 9. Valve c to cell 1 is
now closed, and compressed air is turned into the top of 1 to drive the
liquid forward into 10. After the water has thus been nearly all
expelled from 1, valve a of cell 2 is lowered so as to shut off
communication with the juice pipe, and b, of cell 2 is closed. a and
b of cell 1 have, it will be observed, been closed or down from the
beginning. Cell 1 is now isolated from all others. Its chips have been
exhausted of sugar, and are ready to be thrown out. The bottom of 1 is
opened, and the chips fall out into the car, o (see diagram, Fig. 1),
and are conveyed away. Immediately on closing valves a and b of cell
2, c is opened, and the water presses into the top of 2, as before
into the top of 1, and the circulation is precisely similar to that
already described, 2 having taken the place of 1, 3 of 2, and so on.