III. No family name shall be recognized if composed of more than one
word.

IV. A family name once established shall not be canceled in any
subsequent division of the group, but shall be retained in a
restricted sense for one of its constituent portions.

V. Family names shall be distinguished as such by the termination
“an” or “ian.”

VI. No name shall be accepted for a linguistic family unless used to
designate a tribe or group of tribes as a linguistic stock.

VII. No family name shall be accepted unless there is given the
habitat of tribe or tribes to which it is applied.

VIII. The original orthography of a name shall be rigidly preserved
except as provided for in rule III, and unless a typographical error
is evident.

The terms “family” and “stock” are here applied interchangeably to a
group of languages that are supposed to be cognate.

A single language is called a stock or family when it is not found to be
cognate with any other language. Languages are said to be cognate when
such relations between them are found that they are supposed to have
descended from a common ancestral speech. The evidence of cognation is
derived exclusively from the vocabulary. Grammatic similarities are not
supposed to furnish evidence of cognation, but to be phenomena, in part
relating to stage of culture and in part adventitious. It must be