LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS


Light and Liberty _Frontispiece_
FACING
PAGE
Primitive fire-baskets 16

Crude splinter-holders 16

Early open-flame oil and grease lamps 17

A typical metal multiple-wick open-flame oil-lamp 32

A group of oil-lamps of two centuries ago 33

Lamps of a century or two ago 56

Elaborate fixtures of the age of candles 57

Flame arc 128

Direct current arc 128

On the testing-racks of the manufacturer of
incandescent filament lamps 129

Carbon-dioxide tube for accurate color-matching 160