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Transactions of the American Society of Civil Engineers, vol. LXX, Dec. 1910 - Reinforced Concrete Pier Construction by Eugene Klapp
page 8 of 10 (80%)
all readily brought to a sufficiently vertical and level position to be
unnoticed by sighting along the edge from the shore.

The trusses were all constructed in the contractor's yard at Bridgeport,
and were towed across the Sound on a scow. They were set up and braced
temporarily by the derrick boat, and then the floor and deck were
constructed in place.

On December 26th, 1909, a storm of unusual violence--unequaled in fact
for many years--swept over the Sound from the northeast; the waves beat
over the pier and broke loose some floor planks which had been only
tacked in position, but otherwise did no damage, and did not shift the
caissons in the least. The same storm partly destroyed a pier of
substantial construction less than a mile from the one in question.

Unfortunately, the work was let so late in the summer, and the
restrictions as to seasoning the concrete were enforced so rigidly, that
the work of setting the caissons could not be commenced until November
11th, thus the entire construction was forced into the very bad weather
of the late fall and early winter. As this involved very rough water and
much snow and wind, the work was greatly delayed, and was not completed
until the middle of January. The cost of the entire dock was about
$14,000.

The writer believes that the cost was much less than for masonry piers
by any other method of construction, under the existing circumstances of
wind, tide, and exposure.

It would seem that for many highway bridges of short span, causeways,
and similar structures, the use of similar caissons would prove
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