PEASANTS OF ST. MICHAEL PROCEEDING TO DEL GADO 158

ARMS OF THE EMPIRE OF BRAZIL 192

ARMS OF UNITED KINGDOMS OF PORTUGAL, THE ALGARVES, AND
BRAZIL 192

CHAMBER OF DEPUTIES, RIO DE JANEIRO 197

SKETCH-MAP OF SOUTH AMERICA 293




SOUTH AMERICA




CHAPTER I

THE CONTINENT IN PRE-SPANISH DAYS


The discovery of South America stands as one of the most dramatic events
in history. From the time of its occurrence until the present so deeply
has this event impressed itself on men's minds that the previous state
of the Continent has been a somewhat neglected topic. The Incas and
their civilization, it is true, have attracted no small share of
attention to themselves, and the subject has become more or less