applied after they are dry; this will greatly assist in modifying and
fixing the tints and shades which the dyes impart. The best thing for
the purpose, in the writer's opinion, is clear ox-gall, which, besides
being useful as a mordant, will destroy all unctuous matter.


=Chemicals used in Staining.=--It may perhaps be useful here to give the
common or popular names of the chemicals employed in the operations of
staining and imitating, as few polishers know them by the scientific
names used by chemists:--

Nitric acid is but another phrase for aquafortis.
Sulphuric acid, for oil of vitriol.
Ammonia, for spirits of hartshorn.
Sulphate of magnesia, for Epsom salts.
Nitrate of potass, for sal prunelle.
Chlorine, for aqua regia.
Sulphate of copper, for blue vitriol.
Subborate of soda, for borax.
Superoxalate of potass, for salts of sorrel.
Hydrochlorate of ammonia, for sal ammoniac.
Subnitrate of bismuth, for flake white.
Acetic acid, for vinegar.
Acetate of lead, for sugar of lead.
Sulphate of lime, for gypsum.
Carbonate of potass, for pearlash.
Bitartrate of potass, for cream of tartar.
Nitrate of silver, for lunar caustic.
Supercarbonate of iron, for plumbago.
Cyanide of iron, for Prussian blue.