from the latrines and privies to food by flies is common and often
results in epidemics of typhoid fever.

And such carriage of typhoid is by no means confined to great temporary
camps. In farmhouses in small communities, and even in badly cared for
portions of large cities, typhoid germs are carried from excrement to
food by flies, and the proper supervision and treatment of the breeding
places of the house fly become most important elements in the prevention
of typhoid.

In the same way other intestinal germ diseases, such as Asiatic cholera,
dysentery, enteritis (inflammation of the intestine), and infantile
diarrhea, are all so carried. There is strong circumstantial evidence
also that tuberculosis, anthrax, yaws, ophthalmia, smallpox, tropical
sore, and the eggs of parasitic worms may be and are carried in this
way. In the case of over 30 different disease organisms and parasitic
worms, actual laboratory proof exists, and where lacking is replaced by
circumstantial evidence amounting almost to certainty.




EXCLUDING AND CAPTURING FLIES.


The principal effort to control this dangerous insect must be made at
the source of supply--its breeding places. Absolute cleanliness and the
removal or destruction of anything in which flies may breed are
essential; and this is something that can be done even in cities.
Perhaps it can be done more easily in the cities than in villages, on