to the governor and Audiencia. This is especially necessary because
the colony has so many enemies that it must always be in a state
of defense, and its people cannot wait to receive royal orders when
an enemy is at their gates. A controversy between the royal and the
municipal officials regarding their respective rights of precedence
has been duly settled. The relations between Manila and Japan, lately
strained by the capture of a Japanese junk by Spaniards, are now more
friendly, and some trade between the two countries is being carried
on. The Japanese have shipped a number of lepers who are Christians
from that country to Manila; the Spaniards accept this charge, and make
room for the lepers in the hospital for natives. The king is asked to
aid in the expenses of their care. Tavora describes his relations with
the peoples on the opposite mainland; makes recommendations regarding
certain offices; explains the condition of the vessel which sank at
Manila in the preceding year; and defends himself from accusations
of illegal participation in the Mexican trade.

Another section treats of military affairs. Tavora (who writes but a
fortnight before his death) thanks the king for preferment bestowed
upon him, but fears that he will not live to enjoy it; and informs
Felipe of the heavy losses that he has incurred in coming to Filipinas
and acting as governor, asking that some arrangement may be made for
the settlement of his more pressing debts. Trade with the Japanese is
being resumed. The post of general of artillery is superfluous, and
should be abolished. Affairs in Hermosa are prospering; the province
of Cagayán is pacified, and severe punishment has been inflicted on the
rebellious natives of Caraga. The relief expedition to Ternate has been
successful, and the Dutch power seems to be waning in those seas. But
the only effective check upon the Dutch enemy is found in the Spanish
establishments in the Philippines and Moluccas, for which Tavora