connexion.

Eight years later there was a revolution in Cochin-China. The king fled
to China, and Ch`ien Lung promptly espoused his cause, sending an army
to effect his restoration. This was no sooner accomplished than the
chief Minister rebelled, and, rapidly attracting large numbers to his
standard, succeeded in cutting off the retreat of the Chinese force.
Ch`ien Lung then sent another army, whereupon the rebel Minister
submitted, and humbled himself so completely that the Emperor appointed
him to be king instead of the other. After this, the Annamese continued
to forward tribute, but it was deemed advisable to cease from further
interference with their government.

The next trouble was initiated by the Gurkhas, who, in 1790, raided
Tibet. On being defeated and pursued by a Chinese army, they gave up all
the booty taken, and entered into an agreement to pay tribute once every
five years.

The year 1793 was remarkable for the arrival of an English embassy under
Lord Macartney, who was received in audience by the Emperor at Jehol
(= hot river), an Imperial summer residence lying about a hundred miles
north of Peking, beyond the Great Wall. It had been built in 1780 after
the model of the palace of the Panshen Erdeni at Tashilumbo, in Tibet,
when that functionary, the spiritual ruler of Tibet, as opposed to the
Dalai Lama, who is the secular ruler, proceeded to Peking to be present
on the seventieth anniversary of Ch`ien Lung's birthday. Two years
later, the aged Emperor, who had, like his grandfather, completed his
cycle of sixty years on the throne, abdicated in favour of his son,
dying in retirement some four years after. These two monarchs, K`ang Hsi
and Ch`ien Lung, were among the ablest, not only of Manchu rulers, but