light draft steamer, and transported down the Colorado River to
the head of the Gulf of California, when they can be transhipped
to England at small cost. Upwards of twenty veins of copper ore
have been opened, and the assays give results varying from 30 to
70 per cent. These mines are owned by Messrs. Hooper, Hinton,
Halstead, and another. Several thousand dollars have been already
expended in prospecting and opening veins, and it was anticipated
by the proprietors that the first cargo would be shipped to
Swansea, England, this year.

Smelting works will eventually be built at the mines, or at
Colorado City, opposite Fort Yuma, and the profits of this
company must be very great. The vicinity of the Colorado, and the
abundance of wood and water, give the proprietors facilities for
conducting their operations at small cost.

Silver mining is also carried on in the vicinity of Mesilla
Valley, and near the Rio Grande. Many other mining operations are
constantly being commenced; but the depredations of the Apache
Indians have almost entirely snatched success from the
hard-working miner, who, besides losing his all, is often
massacred in some ferocious manner.
ŒNo protection, either civil or military, is extended over the
greater portion of Arizona. This checks the development of all
her resources--not only to her own injury, but that of California
and the Atlantic States--by withholding a market for their
productions, and the bullion which she is fully able to supply to
an extent corresponding to the labor employed in obtaining it.

A. B. Gray, Esq., late U. S. Surveyor under the treaty of