cattle, sheep, etc., but it has been many years since. It is a
fine grazing region, with wild cattle and mustangs constantly
seen roaming over the plains. The district from San Pedro to
Santa Cruz valley, nearly due west from our present crossing
(latitude 31 degrees 34 minutes), will be to the Pacific slope
what the region of Fort Chadbourne, in Texas, will be to the
Atlantic. The mountains and hills are covered with splendid
timber of the largest size, and for all purposes; and the valleys
are full of springs, and the finest grass. To Tubac, a town in
the valley of Santa Cruz, it is 69 miles. This is by following
the San Pedro about a league, passing over a few insignificant
spurs, and ascending the Rio Babacomeri; thence continuing
westward by a gradual rise over delightful plains to the divide
between that and the Sonoita or Clover creek, and along the
latter, until it loses itself in the porous earth, a mile from
the Santa Cruz river, and by the broad valley of that stream to
Tubac."

* * * * * * * *

Of the line of Gray's exploration from the Rio San Pedro, he
says:

"It passes through the most desirable region, with the hills and
mountains for forty miles, containing inexhaustible quantities oftimber. We noticed tall cedar and oaks of every description; one
kind more interesting than the others, being a white oak from
twenty to forty feet in the body. Pine and spruce, with superior
white ash and walnut, were found, and the most gigantic
cotton-woods, particularly on the Sonoita. * * * * "The mountains
in the neighborhood are filled with minerals, and the precious