luxuriant. Many of the Mexican citizens come over the line for
purposes of trade, bringing flour, fruit, and leather. If there
was no custom house at Calabazas, these articles could be had
very cheaply.

We have very excellent gardens, and plenty of vegetables. There
is said to be a good deal of cultivable land on the upper Gila,
and if a territory is created, it should embrace this. This would
also include a large part of the Colorado valley above the
junction of the Gila. That you may succeed in your wishes with
regard to Arizona, is the sincere desire of

Your friend and obliged serv't, E. H. Fitzgerald."

Lt. Mowry, U. S. A.


A subsequent letter from Major Fitzgerald dated Oct. 1st, says
Tueson contains rising five hundred inhabitants, the remainder of
the Santa Cruz altogether enough to make considerable over a
thousand, independent of the population towards and upon the Gila
and Colorado, of which he remarks,

"You know more than I." "There is not a doubt but that upon the
location of the mail route, there will be a considerable
emigration to this country, and if a portion of Sonora be
organized, large numbers will come both from the East and West.
The country is an excellent one for stock of all kinds, of which
there were great numbers where the Apaches were gathered under
the wing of the Catholic church. The valleys of Santa Cruz, San