under a slushy sky. He was quite a young man, yet he had made a large
fortune there. "It's no credit to us making money here," he added, "we
couldn't help it." So citizenized, what should we expect if not unity of
effort, a willingness to efface self when necessary, and with intense
individualism to subordinate individual ideas and feelings to the public
good? In such an atmosphere rises quickly a new city from the ashes of
the old, or a fairy creation like the Columbian Exposition. Imagine the
peninsula of San Francisco covered by a real city equal in beauty and
grandeur to the Chicago sham city of 1893.

The typical West-American city builder has money-created, not inherited,
wealth. But possession merely is not enough; he gives. Yet possessing
and giving are not enough; he works, constantly and intelligently. The
power which wealth gives is often employed in retarding progress when
the interests of the individual seem to clash with those of the
commonwealth; it is always lessened by the absence of respect for its
possessor. But when wealth, intelligence, honesty, and enthusiasm join
hands with patriotism there must be progress.

Time and place do not account for all of Chicago's phenomenal growth,
nor do the distance from the world's centres of population and industry,
the comparative isolation, and the evil effects of railway domination
account wholly for San Francisco's slow growth toward the end of the
century. For, following the several spasms of development incident to
the ages of gold, of grain, and of fruit, and the advent of the railway
incubus, California for a time betook herself to rest, which indeed was
largely paralysis. Then, too, those who had come first and cleared the
ground, laying the foundations of fortunes, were passing away, and their
successors seemed more ready to enjoy than to create. But with the
opening of a new century all California awoke and made such progress as