a limestone cave in the Neanderthal, near Hochdal, between Dusseldorf
and Elberfeld. Of this, however, I was unable to procure more than a
plaster cast of the cranium, taken at Elberfeld, from which I drew up
an account of its remarkable conformation, which was, in the first
instance, read on the 4th of February, 1857, at the meeting of the
Lower Rhine Medical and Natural History Society, at Bonn.*

[footnote] *'Verhandl. d. Naturhist.' Vereins der preuss.
Rheinlande und Westphalens., xiv. Bonn, 1857.

Subsequently Dr. Fuhlrott, to whom science is indebted for the
preservation of these bones, which were not at first regarded as human,
and into whose possession they afterwards came, brought the cranium
from Elberfeld to Bonn, and entrusted it to me for more accurate
anatomical examination. At the General Meeting of the Natural History
Society of Prussian Rhineland and Westphalia, at Bonn, on the 2nd of
June, 1857,* Dr Fuhlrott himself gave a full account of the locality,
and of the circumstances under which the discovery was made.

[footnote] *'Ib. Correspondenzblatt. No. 2.

He was of opinion that the bones might be regarded as fossil; and in
coming to this conclusion, he laid especial stress upon the existence
of dendritic deposits, with which their surface was covered, and which
were first noticed upon them by Professor Meyer. To this communication
I appended a brief report on the results of my anatomical examination of
the bones. The conclusions at which I arrived were:--1st. That the
extraordinary form of the skull was due to a natural conformation
hitherto not known to exist, even in the most barbarous races. 2nd.
That these remarkable human remains belonged to a period antecedent to