A typical community of the first-named class was South Carolina.
Her people had to a remarkable degree been rendered
state-conscious partly by their geographical neighbors, and
partly by their long and illustrious history, which had been
interwoven with great European interests during the colonial era
and with great national interests under the Republic. It is
possible also that the Huguenots, though few in numbers, had
exercised upon the State a subtle and pervasive influence through
their intellectual power and their Latin sense for institutions.

In South Carolina, too, a wealthy leisure class with a passion
for affairs had cultivated enthusiastically that fine art which
is the pride of all aristocratic societies, the service of the
State as a profession high and exclusive, free from vulgar taint.
In South Carolina all things conspired to uphold and strengthen
the sense of the State as an object of veneration, as something
over and above the mere social order, as the sacred embodiment of
the ideals of the community. Thus it is fair to say that what has
animated the heroic little countries of the Old World Switzerland
and Serbia and ever-glorious Belgium--with their passion to
remain themselves, animated South Carolina in 1861. Just as
Serbia was willing to fight to the death rather than merge her
identity in the mosaic of the Austrian Empire, so this little
American community saw nothing of happiness in any future that
did not secure its virtual independence.

Typical of the newer order in the South was the community that
formed the President of the Confederacy. In the history of
Mississippi previous to the war there are six great names--Jacob