Volcanic Islands by Charles Darwin
page 3 of 196 (01%)
page 3 of 196 (01%)
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TAHITI.--Passage from wacke into trap; singular volcanic rock with the vesicles half-filled with mesotype. MAURITIUS.--Proofs of its recent elevation.--Structure of its more ancient mountains; similarity with St. Jago. ST. PAUL'S ROCKS.--Not of volcanic origin.--Their singular mineralogical composition. CHAPTER III.--ASCENSION. Basaltic lavas.--Numerous craters truncated on the same side.--Singular structure of volcanic bombs.--Aeriform explosions.--Ejected granite fragments.--Trachytic rocks.--Singular veins.--Jasper, its manner of formation.--Concretions in pumiceous tuff.--Calcareous deposits and frondescent incrustations on the coast.--Remarkable laminated beds, alternating with, and passing into obsidian.--Origin of obsidian.-- Lamination of volcanic rocks. CHAPTER IV.--ST. HELENA. Lavas of the feldspathic, basaltic, and submarine series.--Section of Flagstaff Hill and of the Barn.--Dikes.--Turk's Cap and Prosperous Bays.-- Basaltic ring.--Central crateriform ridge, with an internal ledge and a parapet.--Cones of phonolite.--Superficial beds of calcareous sandstone.-- Extinct land-shells.--Beds of detritus.--Elevation of the land.-- Denudation.--Craters of elevation. |
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