from North.

The differences between one and another of these three streams of
population and the antagonisms which they have involved have
greatly colored American history. The Indian, the European, and
the Negro apparently differ not only in outward appearance but in
the much more important matter of mentality. According to
Brinton* the average brain capacity of Parisians, including
adults of both sexes, is 1448 cubic centimeters. That of the
American Indian is 1376, and that of the Negro 1344 cubic
centimeters. With this difference in size there appears to be a
corresponding difference in function. Thus far not enough
accurate tests have been made upon Indians to enable us to draw
reliable conclusions. The Negro, however, has been tested on an
extensive scale. The results seem to leave little doubt that
there are real and measurable differences in the mental powers of
races, just as we know to be the case among individuals. The
matter is so important that we may well dwell on it a moment
before turning to the cause of the differences in the three
streams of American immigrants. If there is a measurable
difference between the inherent brain power of the white race and
the black, it is practically certain that there are also
measurable differences between the white and the red.

* D. G. Brinton. "The American Race."


Numerous tests indicate that in the lower mental powers there is
no great difference between the black and the white. In physical
reactions one is as quick as the other. In the capacity of the