different scales of importance. Natal from this time onward became
a British colony, and the majority of the Boers trekked north and
east with bitter hearts to tell their wrongs to their brethren of
the Orange Free State and of the Transvaal.

Had they any wrongs to tell? It is difficult to reach that height
of philosophic detachment which enables the historian to deal
absolutely impartially where his own country is a party to the
quarrel. But at least we may allow that there is a case for our
adversary. Our annexation of Natal had been by no means definite,
and it was they and not we who first broke that bloodthirsty Zulu
power which threw its shadow across the country. It was hard after
such trials and such exploits to turn their back upon the fertile
land which they had conquered, and to return to the bare pastures
of the upland veld. They carried out of Natal a heavy sense of
injury, which has helped to poison our relations with them ever
since. It was, in a way, a momentous episode, this little skirmish
of soldiers and emigrants, for it was the heading off of the Boer
from the sea and the confinement of his ambition to the land. Had
it gone the other way, a new and possibly formidable flag would
have been added to the maritime nations.

The emigrants who had settled in the huge tract of country between
the Orange River in the south and the Limpopo in the north had been
recruited by newcomers from the Cape Colony until they numbered
some fifteen thousand souls. This population was scattered over a
space as large as Germany, and larger than Pennsylvania, New York,
and New England. Their form of government was individualistic and
democratic to the last degree compatible with any sort of cohesion.
Their wars with the Kaffirs and their fear and dislike of the