among the transplanted clans--who, for the most part, spoke only
Gaelic for a generation and wrote nothing--and latterly recorded
by one or two of their descendants, supplies us with all we are
now able to learn of the early coming of the Gaels to Carolina.
It would seem that their first immigration to America in small
bands took place after the suppression of the Jacobite rising in
1715--when Highlanders fled in numbers also to France--for by
1729 there was a settlement of them on the Cape Fear River. We
know, too, that in 1748 it was charged against Gabriel Johnston,
Governor of North Carolina from 1734 to 1752, that he had shown
no joy over the King's "glorious victory of Culloden" and that
"he had appointed one William McGregor, who had been in the
Rebellion in the year 1715 a Justice of the Peace during the last
Rebellion [1745] and was not himself without suspicion of
disaffection to His Majesty's Government." It is indeed possible
that Gabriel Johnston, formerly a professor at St. Andrew's
University, had himself not always been a stranger to the kilt.
He induced large numbers of highlanders to come to America and
probably influenced the second George to moderate his treatment
of the vanquished Gaels in the Old Country and permit their
emigration to the New World.

In contrast with the Ulstermen, whose secular ideals were
dictated by the forms of their Church, these Scots adhered still
to the tribal or clan system, although they, too, in the
majority, were Presbyterians, with a minority of Roman
Catholics and Episcopalians. In the Scotch Highlands they had
occupied small holdings on the land under the sway of their
chief, or Head of the Clan, to whom they were bound by blood and
fealty but to whom they paid no rentals. The position of the Head