the dyer, the scribbler, the spinner, the weaver, the fuller, the dresser,
with many others, must all join their different arts in order to complete
even this homely production. How many merchants and carriers, besides, must
have been employed in transporting the materials from some of those workmen
to others who often live in a very distant part of the country ? How much
commerce and navigation in particular, how many ship-builders, sailors,
sail-makers, rope-makers, must have been employed in order to bring together
the different drugs made use of by the dyer, which often come from the
remotest corners of the world ? What a variety of labour, too, is necessary
in order to produce the tools of the meanest of those workmen ! To say
nothing of such complicated machines as the ship of the sailor, the mill of
the fuller, or even the loom of the weaver, let us consider only what a
variety of labour is requisite in order to form that very simple machine,
the shears with which the shepherd clips the wool. The miner, the builder of
the furnace for smelting the ore the feller of the timber, the burner of
the charcoal to be made use of in the smelting-house, the brickmaker, the
bricklayer, the workmen who attend the furnace, the millwright, the forger,
the smith, must all of them join their different arts in order to produce
them. Were we to examine, in the same manner, all the different parts of his
dress and household furniture, the coarse linen shirt which he wears next
his skin, the shoes which cover his feet, the bed which he lies on, and all
the different parts which compose it, the kitchen-grate at which he prepares
his victuals, the coals which he makes use of for that purpose, dug from the
bowels of the earth, and brought to him, perhaps, by a long sea and a long
land-carriage, all the other utensils of his kitchen, all the furniture of
his table, the knives and forks, the earthen or pewter plates upon which he
serves up and divides his victuals, the different hands employed in
preparing his bread and his beer, the glass window which lets in the heat
and the light, and keeps out the wind and the rain, with all the knowledge
and art requisite for preparing that beautiful and happy invention, without