mostly by means of the dog-travaux.

The second winter after the massacre, my father
and my two older brothers, with several others,
were betrayed by a half-breed at Winnipeg to the
United States authorities. As I was then living
with my uncle in another part of the country, I be-
came separated from them for ten years. During
all this time we believed that they had been
killed by the whites, and I was taught that I must
avenge their deaths as soon as I was able to go
upon the war-path.

I must say a word in regard to the character of
this uncle, my father's brother, who was my ad-
viser and teacher for many years. He was a man
about six feet two inches in height, very erect and
broad-shouldered. He was known at that time
as one of the best hunters and bravest warriors
among the Sioux in British America, where he
still lives, for to this day we have failed to persuade
him to return to the United States.

He is a typical Indian--not handsome, but
truthful and brave. He had a few simple princi-
ples from which he hardly ever departed. Some
of these I shall describe when I speak of my early
training.

It is wonderful that any children grew up