be conceived without a beginning or end.


AXIOMS.

I. Everything which exists, exists either in itself or in
something else.

II. That which cannot be conceived through anything else must be
conceived through itself.

III. From a given definite cause an effect necessarily follows ;
and, on the other hand, if no definite cause be granted, it is
impossible that an effect can follow.

IV. The knowledge of an effect depends on and involves the
knowledge of a cause.

V. Things which have nothing in common cannot be understood, the
one by means of the other ; the conception of one does not
involve the conception of the other.

VI. A true idea must correspond with its ideate or object.

VII. If a thing can be conceived as non-existing, its essence
does not involve existence.


PROPOSITIONS.